The quadriceps femoris covers the front of the thigh’s femur and is  comprised of four muscles the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and vastus intermedius. This at least is what the majority of students have learned or are still learning in school. Yet, in March of 2016 it was published in Clinical Anatomy, “A newly discovered muscle: The tensor of the vastus intermedius.”  Through extensive research of cadaveric lower limbs scientist found a tensor-like muscle between the lateralis and intermedius, which they named, “tensor vastus intermedius.”  The tensor vastus intermedius has its own aponeurosis merging separately into the quadriceps tendon inserting on the patella. The muscle is supplied by independent muscular and vascular branches of the femoral nerve and lateral circumflex femoral artery making it distinct. 

In July of 2019, the Journal of Morphologie, published “Triceps, quadriceps, pentaceps femoris? Need for proper muscle definition?” Researchers used almost the same number of cadavers as the aforementioned study and discovered what they described as 3,4 and sometimes 5 different heads of the quadriceps and stated, “…a clear definition of a muscle is required in order to be able to compare studies and draw clear conclusions.”

Whether there are 3, 4, 5 or more heads to the quadricep muscle what still remains the same is the Pendulum Leg Extension machine is the best way to Get all of the parts of the muscle belly Strong.

The Pendulum Leg Extension Getting Prepared for Shipping

Pendulum Trains the Quads regardless of the Number of Heads